Brain Surgery
Neurosurgery consists of surgery of Brain, Spine and surgery of nervous system.
Our expert Neurosurgeons have the expertise and years of experience in performing complex Neuro surgical procedures and have hands on experience with the latest technological devices used to perform the most sophisticated surgeries.
There are various medical conditions which necessitates surgery and some which are:
Brain Surgery:
Stroke/ Brain Attack-
• Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the USA
• 150,000 deaths per year.
• Total cost to society is more than $30 billion per year in medical costs and lost productivity.
• It is the leading cause of disability.
• Strokes are the most preventable of all catastrophic conditions.
• It affects people of all ages; its incidence increases, however, with aging.
Brain Aneurysm Surgery
Aneurysm is the weaknesses of blood vessels in brain that may burst, leading to death or stroke
Arteriovenous Malformations
Arteriovenous malformations are masses of abnormal blood vessels which grow in the brain. They consist of a blood vessel "nidus" (nest) through which arteries connect directly to veins, instead of through the elaborate collection of very small vessels called capillaries.
Some people are born with the nidus, but as the years go by, it tends to enlarge as the great pressure of the arterial vessels can not be handled by the veins that drain out of it. This causes a large collection of worm-like vessels to develop (malform) into a mass capable of bleeding at some future time.
Carotid stenosis
“Stenosis” means narrowing and Carotid artery supplies blood to the brain. Carotid stenosis is the narrowing of the main carotid artery or its branches supplying the brain It may possibly lead to stroke or a warning 'TIA'
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia is sometimes described as the most excruciating pain known to humanity. The pain typically involves the lower face and jaw, although sometimes it affects the area around the nose and above the eye. This intense, stabbing, electric shock-like pain is caused by irritation of the trigeminal nerve, which sends branches to the forehead, cheek, and lower jaw. It is usually limited to one side of the face.
Surgery is an effective option for those who become unresponsive to medications.
Hemifacial spasm
Hemifacial spasm is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by frequent, involuntary muscle contractions (tics or spasms) in the face. It usually affects only one side of the face, but in severe cases, tics may occur on both sides. Surgery is often the best cure for this.
Hydrocephalus
The term hydrocephalus is derived from two words: "hydro" meaning water, and "cephalus" referring to the head.
Hydrocephalus is a condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) builds up within the ventricles (fluid-containing cavities) of the brain and may increase pressure within the head. Although hydrocephalus is often described as "water on the brain," the "water" is actually CSF, a clear fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
The problem area may be treated directly (by removing the cause of CSF obstruction), or indirectly (by diverting the fluid to somewhere else; typically to another body cavity). Indirect treatment is performed by implanting a device known as a shunt to divert the excess CSF away from the brain
Head injury
A head injury is any trauma that leads to injury of the scalp, skull, or brain. The injuries can range from a minor bump on the skull to serious brain injury. Blood clots ('haematomas') can develop after a head injury and some need to be removed with surgery.
Brain Tumours
Brain tumours can be benign (curable with surgery) or malignant (incurable but controllable with surgery. Although a benign tumour can continue to grow, the cells do not spread from the original site. In a malignant tumour, the cells can invade and destroy surrounding tissue and may spread to other parts of the brain.
Some benign type of tumours are
Acoustic neuromas
Acoustic Neuromas are a kind of tumour at the base of the brain, related to the hearing nerves.
Astrocytoma
Astrocytoma is a type of tumour that originates within the brain tissue itself. It can vary in its behaviour. Some are slow growing and relatively benign, others are fast, more aggressive and prone to do more damage to surrounding tissues.
Low-grade astrocytic tumours are usually slow-growing and are not likely to spread. Grade 1 astrocytic tumours can be removed with surgery, and are unlikely to come back if they have been completely removed. Grade 2 tumours can sometimes be removed but may come back after surgery.
High-grade astrocytic tumours are more likely to grow faster and to spread to other parts of the brain. It is common for the tumour to come back after initial treatment. This is known as a recurrence. Further treatment will probably then be necessary.
Haemangioblastoma
A haemangioblastoma tumour is formed from cells that line the blood vessels, at an early stage of their development. It is almost always a benign tumour, which may be like a cyst (a fluid-filled area), and more than one tumour may be present.
Haemangioblastomas are usually found in the cerebellum, at the back of the brain. They are commonly slow-growing tumours and do not spread to other parts of the brain.
Meningioma
A meningioma is a tumour of the meninges, which are the protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord. A meningioma can start in any part of the brain or spinal cord, but the most common sites are the cerebral hemispheres of the brain. Most meningiomas are benign. Malignant meningiomas are extremely rare.
There are also various other types of tumours in brain which may include Pineal Tumors Pituitary Tumors or tumours of other parts of the brain.
A few Malignant types of tumours are:
Ependymoma
Within the brain and spinal cord, there are nerve cells and also cells that support and protect the nerve cells. The supporting cells are called glial cells. A tumour of these cells is known as a glioma .
Ependymomas are a rare type of glioma. They develop from the ependymal cells which line the ventricles (fluid-filled spaces in the brain), and from the central canal of the spinal cord. They can be found in any part of the brain or spine, and in children are more common in the cerebellum (see diagram).
Ependymomas may occasionally spread from the brain to the spinal cord in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF is the fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord.
Medulloblastomas
Medulloblastomas are malignant tumours formed from poorly developed cells at a very early stage of their life. They develop in the cerebellum, in a part of the brain called the posterior fossa, but may spread to other parts of the brain.
Very rarely, medulloblastomas may spread to other parts of the body. If they do spread to other parts of the brain, or to the spinal cord, this is usually through the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) .
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